BIOGAS TECHNOLOGY

BIOGAS TECHNOLOGY

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Biogas is a mixture of colourless and odourless gases. Biogas can be produced through fermentation from any degradable material (Substrate) with the help of different types of tiny microbes.  Biogas can be produced in a concealed chamber/ digester in the absence of atmospheric oxygen. Biogas is a mixture of different gases; major portion in biogas being methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2). It also contains traces of other gases like hydrogen (H2), Moisture (H2O), hydrogen sulphide (H2S)etc. The percentage of methane may vary depending upon the carbon-nitrogen ratio of feed materials (Substrate) and other factors influencing the fermentation process. The composition of different gases in biogas varies depending upon the substrates utilized in the anaerobic digestion process. Improved digesters used for anaerobic digestion can produce biogas with 65%–75% methane content. Biogas contains water vapour also. The water vapour in raw biogas, varies depending upon the temperature inside the digester. The average quantity of methane and carbon dioxide in cow dung based biogas digesters are in 60:40 ratio. The biogas which comes out from the digester will be odour free and burn with blue hot flame. It can be used for different thermal applications like cooking, lighting, operating engines, generation of electricity and for producing auto fuel. 



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